Such disruption occurs also in various illnesses, such as anemia and diseases of lungs, heart, kidneys, and liver.Īdverse Effects of Oxygen. It is known that high concentrations of inhaled oxygen can result in collapse of alveoli because of displacement of nitrogen by oxygen.Īlthough it is true that all living organisms require oxygen to maintain life, an environment of 100 per cent oxygen inhibits growth of living tissue cultures, and laboratory experiments have shown that hyperoxygenation of body tissues can cause irreversible damage. retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants was found to be caused in part by excessively high levels of oxygen in the blood.Īnother serious complication of high-oxygen concentration therapy is the development of a hyaline membrane because of a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant surfactant is vitally important to normal expansion and deflation of the alveoli. Prolonged exposure to inspired oxygen concentrations in excess of 50 per cent can impair the production of this surfactant in a patient of any age. The result is a loss of lung compliance and reduction of the transport of oxygen across the alveolar membrane. The danger of oxygen toxicity can be minimized by careful assessment of each patient's need for oxygen therapy and systematic blood gas analysis to determine patient response and effectiveness of treatment.
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